Crusher and grinding machine



July 22, 1958 J. B. DUTY CRUSHER AND GRINDING MACHINE Filed Dec. 8. 1955 mm 3 R m av mv 3 EV om Q INVEN'l OR. John 5 0w,

ATTD R N EYS United States Patent 2,844,329 CRUSHER AND GRrNnnsG MACHINE John B. Duty, San Francisco, Calif. Application December 8, 1955, Serial No. 551,773

Claims. (Cl. 241-199) This invention relates to ore crushing machines and devices such as gyratory crushers, and in particular a crusher having a pestle mounted to rotate in an inclined position in a mortar whereby ore deposited in the mortar is crushed and wherein the upper end of the shaft of the pestle extends into a gear housing which is rotatably mounted in a frame positioned around the mortar and which is adapted to operate against the frame with an enlarged thrust bearing that reduces wear resulting from thrust to a minimum.

The purpose of this invention is to provide an improved. ore crusher of the gyratory type in which the operating gears transforming the vertical driving action into an inclined driving action are immersed in oil continuously and in which a mortar in which the pestle operates is adjustable in relation to the pestle.

This invention is an improvement over the gyratory crusher of my prior Patent No. 2,391,953 in that the gears driving the pestle shaft are enclosed in a gear housing and the gear housing is provided with an enlarged thrust bearing for reducing Wear to a minimum and also in that the mortar is provided with ears that rest upon jacks to facilitate adjusting the position of the mortar in relation to the pestle.

Ore crushers of this type are subjected to considerable abuse as the ore is comparatively hard and the upward thrust resulting from a tendency of the pestle to ride over the hard pieces of ore causes wear in the operating elements and with the gears at the upper end of the pestle shaft expose-d to the elements the teeth wear rapidly and are often damaged and broken. With "ice with the lower end extended into a gear housing, an

inclined pestle shaft rotatably mounted in the gear housing and spaced from the vertically positioned shaft, an idler gear rotatably mounted in the gear housing and positioned in meshing relation with a gear of the pestle shaft and also with a gear of the vertically disposed shaft, a mortar positioned to receive the pestle on the lower end of the pestle shaft and supporting jacks positioned below ears extended from sides of the mortar for readily adjusting the elevation of the mortar.

Other features and advantages of the invention will appear from the following description taken in connection with the drawing, wherein:

Figure l is a side elevational view showing the improved gyratory crusher with the gear housing and thrust bearing in the upper part and with the mortar adjustably mounted in the lower part, part of the engine at this thought in mind this invention contemplates a gyratory ore crusher having a pestle eccentrically positioned in a mortar and driven by a train of gears in which the gears are enclosed in a housing containing oil continuthrust resulting from the crushing operation is taken by an enlarged thrust bearing.

Another important object of the inventionis to provide improved means for adjusting the position of the mortar of a gyratory ore crusher whereby ores may be crushed to large or small mesh as desired.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved gyratory crusher for crushing and grinding ore in which the crusher is of a simple and economical construction.

With these and other objects and advantages in view the invention embodies an ore crusher having a vertically disposed frame with a vertically disposed shaft having beveled driving gears in combination therewith rotatably mounted in the upper end of the frame and positioned one side of the frame of the crusher being broken away.

' Figure 2 is a longitudinal section through the upper part of the crusher frame with the parts shown on an enlarged scale and with parts broken away.

Figure 3 is a plan view taken on line 33 of Fig. 2 showing the gear housing or arm and with parts of the arm broken away showing the gears therein.

Figure 4 is a cross section through the mortar and pestle with part of the pestle broken away showing a portion thereof in elevation.

Referring now to the drawing wherein like reference characters denote corresponding parts the improved gyratory crusher of this invention includes a mortar 16) having ears 11 extended from a flange 12 at the upper end, a pestle 13 carried on the lower end of an inclined shaft 14, the upper end of which is rotatably mounted in a first thrust bearing 15 in a gear housing 16 and the upper end is provided with a gear 17 that meshes with an idler gear 18 on a shaft 19 and the idler gear 18 meshes with a gear 20 on a shaft 21 driven by beveled gears 22 and 23 from an engine 24 and, as illustrated particularly in Fig. 2 an enlarged or second thrust bearing 25 positioned between the upper wall or panel 26 of the gear housing and horizontally disposed frame members 27 of a frame having corner posts 28 and a base 29.

The mortar 10 includes an inverted frusto-conical shaped body having a lining 36 with ribs 31 on the inner surface and, in the design shown, the lower end is open. The body is suspended from the flange 12 and the extended ears 11 are positioned to rest upon upper ends of piston rods 32 extended upwardly from fluid actuated cylinders 33. By this means the elevation of the mortar is readily adjustable whereby the spacing between the ribs 31 of the mortar and coasting ribs 34 of the pestle 13 is adapted to be adjusted to correspond with the mesh of ore ground in the device.

The pestle 13 is provided with a head 35 that is provided with a flange 36 by which the head is attached to the body with bolts 37. The shaft 14, which extends upwardly from the head, is secured to the head by forging, welding, or the like.

The upper end of the shaft 14 is rotatably mounted in a thrust bearing 15 and the intermediate part is supported with a bearing 38 on the lower end of an arm 3? depending from a support 40 positioned on the lower end of the shaft 21. The support 40 is also provided with an arm 41 having a bearing 42 at the outer end and the bearing 42 provides additional supporting means for the upper end of the shaft.

The base of the gear housing or arm 16 is also-provided with a bearing 43 in which the shaft 19 is rotatably mounted and a bearing 44 in which the lower end of the shaft 21 is rotatably mounted is secured to the base with rivets or other fasteners 45. A bushing 46 in which 3 the shaft 21 is also rotatably mounted extends through the upper panel 26 of the gear housing and the upper end is integrally connected to a base 47 of a beveled gear housing 48 on the upper end of which is a cover 49 4 in which a bearing 50, in which the upper end of the shaft 21 is rotatably mounted, is positioned. The gear housing or casing 43 is mounted on the upper surfaces of the cross members 27, the thrust bearing 25 being positioned against the under surfaces and between the under surfaces of the cross members and upper surface of the panel 26.

The beveled gear 23 is mounted on and secured to the shaft 21 and the beveled gear 22 is mounted on a shaft 51 which is rotatably mounted in a bearing 52 of the housing 48 and also in a bearing stand 53 at the outer edge of the frame. The shaft 51 is provided with a pulley 54 over which a belt 55 is trained and the lower part of the belt is also trained over a pulley 56 on a shaft 57 of the engine 2.4, the engine or motor also being provided with a flywheel 58.

The upper race 59 of the thrust bearing 25 is secured to the frame members 27 with bolts in spaced openings, as shown in Fig. 3 and the lower race 60 is secured to the upper surface of the arm or gear housing 16 by similar means. A thrust bearing or washer 61 is also provided in the housing 48, the thrust member 61 being positioned between the hub 62 of the beveled gear 23 and the base 4-7 of the housing 48.

With the parts assembled as described a gyratory ore crusher is provided in which ore dropping into the mortar is crushed by the ribs 34 of the pestle and the coacting ribs 31 of the mortar and with the position of the mortar adjustable by the hydraulic jacks or cylinders 33 the ore may be ground to a suitable size. Also with the pestle positioned at a slight angle the ribs 34 are crossed with the ribs 31 whereby an effective grinding action is obtained.

Upon operation of the device the arm or gear housing 16 is rotated by the shaft 21 whereby the position of the pestle is continuously changing, moving around the mortar 10 continuously. The offset connection at the upper end is compensated for by the idler gear 18, the angles between the axes of the shafts 21, 19, and 14 being such that the axes of the shafts meet at the center point 63 of the pestle.

It will be understood that modifications,-with.in the scope of the appended claims, may be made in the design and arrangement of the parts without departing from the spirit of the invention.

What is claimed is:

1. An ore crusher comprising a frame, a mortar positioned in the lower part of the frame, a gear housing rotatably mounted in the upper part of the frame, a second thrust bearing positioned between the upper surface of the gear housing and upper part of the frame, a shaft mounted in an inclined position with the. lower end extended into the mortar and the upper end rotatably mounted by a first thrust bearing in the gear housing, the mounting of the shaft in the gear housing being spaced from the axis of the rotary mounting of the hous ing in the frame, a pestle carried by the lower end of the shaft and positioned to coact with the mortar, and means for rotating the gear housing and shaft on which the pestle is carried.

2. An ore crusher comprising a frame, a mortar positioned in the lower part of the frame, means for adjusting the mortar vertically in the frame, a gear housing rotatably mounted in the upper part of the frame,-a second thrust bearing positioned between the upper surface of the gear housing and upper part of the frame, a shaft mounted in an inclined position with the lower end extended into the mortar and the upper end rotatably mounted by a first thrust bearing in the gear housing,

. 4 i the mounting of the shaft in the gear housing being spaced from the axis of the rotary mounting of the housing in the frame, a pestle carried by the lower end of the shaft and positioned to coact with the mortar, and means for rotating .the gear housing and shaft on which the pestle is carried.

3. An'ore crusher comprising a frame, a mortar having ribs on the inner surface and having an open lower end adjustably mounted in the lower part of the frame, a gear housing rotatably mounted in the upper part of the frame, an enlarged or second thrust bearing positioned between the upper surface of the gear housing and upper end of the frame, a shaft mounted in an inclined position in the frame with the lower end extended into the mortar and the upper end rotatably mounted by a first thrust bearing in the gear housing, the mounting of the shaft in the'gear housing being spaced from the axis of the rotary mounting of the housing in the frame, a pestle having ribs on the outer surface carried by the lower end of the shaft and positioned whereby the ribs on the outer surface thereof coact with the ribs of'the mortar, and means for rotating the gear housing and shaft on the lower end of which the pestle is carried.

4. In an ore crusher, the combination which comprises a frame, a mortar including an inverted frustro-conical shaped body with ribs on the inner surface and with ears extending from the upper end, the lower end of the mortar being open, fluid pressure actuated jacks upon which the mortar is positioned, said jacks being positioned to engage the ears extended from the mortar, a vertically disposed shaft rotatably mounted in the upper end of the frame and aligned with the axis of the mortar, a gear housing mounted on the lower end of the vertically disposed shaft and adapted to rotate in the frame, an enlarged or second thrust bearing positioned between the gear housing and upper part of the frame, a shaft mounted in an inclined position in the frame with the lower end extended into the mortar and with the upper end rotatably mounted by a first thrust bearing in the gear housing, the mounting of the shaft in the gear housing being eccentrically positioned, gears in the gear housing, one gear being positioned on the vertically disposed shaft, another gear being positioned on the shaft mounted in an inclined position, and an idler gear positioned in meshing relation with gears of the vertically disposed and inclined shafts, a pestle carried by the lower end of the inclined shaft and positioned with the outer surface in spaced relation to the inner surface of the mortar, and means for rotating the gear housing and inclined shaft on which the pestle is carried. 7

5. A gyratory crusher comprising a mortar having an open frustro-conical shaped body, a pestle carried by a shaft mounted in an inclined position and having a frustro-conical shaped section spaced from the inner surface of the frustro-conical shaped mortar, the lower end of thepestle being semispherical, mounting means for the mortar shaft and pestle, means for rotating the pestle and shaft thereof, the mounting means of the shaft including a first thrust benringat' the upper end and positioned between the upper end of the shaft of the pestle, and rotating means for takin upward thrust resulting from the reaction of the pestle in crushing ore in the mortar, and a second thrust bearing positioned between the rotating means and mounting means.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,634,563 Shaw July 5, 1927 2,391,953 Duty Jan. 1, 1946 FOREIGN PATENTS 623,423 Great Britain May 17, 1949' 874,650 Germany Nov. 22, 1954 

